Category: Articles

Guidance on Conditional Sale and Purchase Agreement of House According to the Decree of State Minister Public Housing Affairs Number 09/KTPS/M/1995

Jan 28, 2011 | ,

Indonesia’s high population growth rate has increased the housing needs of the people. Urgent needs of the available units of house often results on the sale and purchase of the house which is still in the planning process and it is giving rise to the sale and purchase through reservation. Therefore, as a result of it, the sale and purchase of house is conducted through a preliminary sale and purchase arrangement. The preliminary sale and purchase of house will be set out in the Conditional Sale and Purchase Agreement (“PPJB”). The PPJB shall be made in accordance with the guidelines which set out in the Minister of Housing Decree Number 09 Year 1995 on Guidance of Conditional Sale and Purchase of House (“Kepmenpera No.09/1995”) along with its example. Along with the enactment of the Kepmenpera No.09/1995, it is expected that the interests of the buyer and the seller will be secured.

The description of object of the PPJB are: (a) the size of the house building along with its architectural drawings, floor plans, and technical specifications of the building; (b) the area of the land, the land status, and all permits related to the construction of the house and its other rights, (c) the location of the land, (d) the house and land prices, and payment procedures agreed by the parties.

Seller’s Obligation

The obligations of the seller are to complete the construction within the agreed time period according to the PPJB. However, this obligation may be waived in the event that Force Majeure is occurred. Prior to the sales and/or conduct of the PPJB, the seller is required to have: (a) approval in principle of project plans issued by the local government and the location permit issued by the Regency/Municipality Land office. Especially for DKI-Jakarta, the seller shall obtain the license of land appointment and utilization (“SIPPT”), (b) letter of information issued by the Regency/Municipality Land Office which explains that the seller has obtained the land to develop the residential, and (c) Building Construction Permit.

In addition, the seller is also obliged to:

manage the registration of purchase of right of land and building;
represents that the land and the house building as the object (“Object”) of the PPJB is fully owned by the seller, and not engaged in any dispute and is not confiscated by the authority;
represents and release the buyer from any claim on both civil and criminal, which may arise in the future in relation to the Object;
take the responsibility for the existence of hidden defects that can only be known at a later stage, in accordance with the provisions of the Article 1504 and 1506 of Indonesian Civil Code;
bear the cost of the certificate registration process.
Buyer’s Obligations

The buyer is obliged to pay the total price of the Object, taxes, and other costs, the fees of the preparation of the notary deed, the expenses of the PPJB, the registration fees of the acquisition levy of land and building of the land on behalf of the buyer.

In the event there is a late delivery of the house building from the seller to the buyer at the agreed time as set out in the PPJB, the seller will be charged a penalty in the amount of 2%o (two per thousand) of the total price of the Object, for each day of the delay. The seller will also be considered to have authorized the buyer to manage the registration of the acquisition of the Object to the related authorities.

In contrast, the late payment of the installments and other costs by the buyer to the seller, the buyer will be charged a penalty in the amount of 2%o (two per thousand) of the total amount of the installments that is already due and payable for each day of the delay, which may result the unilateral cancellation of the PPJB by the seller.

Delivery of Object

The seller will deliver the building to the buyer together with the signing of the Minutes of Delivery of the Object (“BAST”) after the seller and the buyer have fulfilled all of their obligations. The seller shall notify the buyer in writing with regards to the intention of the delivery of the Object within 2 (two) weeks prior to the ceremony of the Object’s delivery. In the event that the buyer is not willing to sign a BAST within 2 (two) weeks, the buyer shall be deemed to receive the Object with all its consequences. If both parties have fulfilled their obligations before the time limit of delivery, the Object may be delivered from the seller to the buyer earlier.

Maintenance of Object

The seller is obliged to maintain the building within 100 (one hundred) day’s period after the BAST signing date. Repairs are carried out based on the project plan and the technical specifications as stipulated in the appendix of the PPJB. If the 100 (one hundred) days period has ended, the maintenance of the Object will be borne by the buyers. The seller shall be released from the responsibility to repair the Object if a Force Majeure is occurred, such as: earthquake, flood, riot, war, or the changes of the house building that was conducted by the buyer.

Assignment

Both seller and the buyer may assign their rights of the Object (“Right”) to the third party if the sale and purchase before the Land Deed Official (“PPAT”) has not been performed. The buyer may assign his Right to the third party, as long as the buyer agrees to pay the administration fee in the amount of 2,5% (two point five percent) of the total price of the transaction based on the seller’s written approval.

Termination

The PPJB shall not terminate by itself if either party has passed away. It may be terminated if the seller cannot deliver the Object on time and the Object is not in accordance with the floor plans and technical specification of building. As a result of it, the seller is obliged to return the money which has been received plus a penalty, interest, and other expenses.

The buyer may request for the cancellation of the PPJB if the buyer is unable to perform his obligation to pay the agreed price, to pay the installments to the bank as the lender, and the buyer has resigned for any reasons. On that condition, if the payment has not yet reached to 10% (ten percent) from the total agreed price, the money which has been paid will be the seller’s right. On a contrary, if the payment has already exceeded 10% (ten percent) from the total agreed price, the seller is entitled to deduct 10% (ten percent) of the total agreed price, and the remaining payment will be returned to the buyer.

Deed of Sale and Purchase

Deed of sale and purchase of the Object must be signed by the seller and the buyer in the presence of the PPAT if: (a) the house building has been completed and is ready for occupancy; (b) the buyer has paid the entire price together with the taxes and other costs and shall bring along the original receipt at the time of signing; (c) right to build application process has been fully processed and the certificate of Right to Build is already registered under the name of the the seller.

Dispute Settlement

The guidance of the PPJB of house is also addressed the settlement of disputes between the seller and the buyer. The parties shall settle the dispute that occurred in relation to the PPJB amicably. However, if there is no settlement, the parties may settle the dispute through the Indonesian National Arbitration Board (BANI). The costs that is incurred of the dispute shall be borne and paid by the parties in the same amount, namely 50% (fifty percent) and 50% (fifty percent).

Samuel Christian, SH

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Legal Aspect of Construction Services According to Law No. 18 of 1999 – Indonesia

Nov 30, 2010 | ,

Construction services hold a very important and strategic role in achieving various aims in order to support the objectives of national development to realize a fair and prosperous society both materially and spiritually based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. Therefore, it is necessary to arrange a specific regulation of construction services, which is now set under the Law Number 18 of 1999 on Construction Services (“Construction Services Law”).

Overview of Construction Services
Construction services is consultancy services of construction work planning, services of construction work performance, and services of construction work supervision. The parties in a construction work consist of service user and service provider. Construction services are carried out by the construction services provider, in the form of individuals or business entities. Construction services that carried out by individuals as the service provider can only perform the low risk construction work, with simple technology, and low cost. Meanwhile, the high risk construction work and/or high technology and/or high cost can only be performed by limited liability companies or the equivalent foreign corporations.

License for Construction Services Provider
Construction services provider in the form of business entities shall (i) comply with the provisions of business license in the field of construction services; (ii) possess certificate, classification, and qualification of a construction service company. A classification and qualification standard of proficiency is an acknowledgment of the proficiency level of every business entities both national and foreign in the field of construction services business. Such acknowledgment is obtained through a test(s) carried out by an institution assigned to perform it. The process of obtaining such acknowledgment is through a registration activity comprising classification, qualification, and certification. Therefore, only certified business entities that are permitted to work in the field of construction services business.

The business license of construction services has been further stipulated in Article 14 of Government Regulation Number 28 of 2000 on Business and Society of Construction Services Role (“PP 28/2000”) jo. Government Regulation Number 4 of 2010 on Amendment of PP 28/2000 and Decree of Minister of Settlement and Regional Infrastructure Number 369/KPTS/M/2001 on Guidelines of Licensing for National Construction Service Business.

Construction Work Binding
Binding in construction services work relationship is established based on the healthy competition principle in the selection of service provider through public or limited tender, and in certain conditions, the selection of service provider may be carried out through direct selection or direct appointment. The selection of service provider shall consider the conformity of field business, the balance between capability and workload, and performance of the service provider. Business entities owned by the same person or a group or in the same management are not entitled to join the tender for one construction simultaneously. The procedure of service provider selection has been further stipulated in Government Regulation Number 29 of 2000 on Construction Services Performance (“PP 29/2000”) jo. Government Regulation Number 59 of 2010 on Amendment of PP 29/2000.

Construction Work Contract
The regulation of work relationship between the service user and the service provider shall be set forth in a construction work contract. A construction work contract is made in Bahasa Indonesia and with regards to construction work contract with foreign parties, it could be made in Bahasa Indonesia and English.

As a minimum, a construction contract shall consist of description on (i) the parties; (ii) work description; (iii) liability and/or maintenance period; (iv) experts; (v) rights and obligations; (vi) terms of payment; (vii) event of default; (viii) dispute settlement; (ix) termination of the construction work contract; (x) force majeure; (xi) construction failure; (xii) workers’ protection; (xiii) environmental aspect. In relation to construction work contract on planning works, it shall contain provision of the intellectual property rights.

The description of work description comprises scope of work, work value, and the performance time limit. The scope of work comprises (a) work volume, is the amount of work to be performed; (b) administrative requirement, is a procedure that had to be complied with by the parties in conducting interaction; (c) technical requirement, is the technical provisions that had to be complied with by the service provider; (d) liability or guarantee, is a form of protection, among others for work performance, receipt of the down payment, accidents of workers and the society; (e) report of the result of construction work, is the result of work progress set forth in a written document.

Value of work, is the amount of costs to be received by the service provider of the performance of the entire work scope. The performance time limit is the period of time to complete the entire work scope including the maintenance period.

The Society and the Construction Services Society Roles
The society has roles in the performance of construction work, such as (i) supervising, to realize the orderly performance of construction work; (ii) receive a reasonable compensation for losses that occurred directly due to the performance of such construction work; (iii) maintain order and comply with the prevailing provisions in the aspects of construction work performance; (iv) participate in preventing any construction work that endangering the public interest.

The construction services society is a part of the society having its interests and/or activities related to construction services business and work. The construction services society is carried out through a construction services forum, performed by an independent and self reliant institution. Such forum has and upholds their code of professional ethics. The role of the construction services society has been further stipulated in PP 4/2010.

The Government Role
The government also has a role in the performance of construction work, that is conducting the development of construction services. Such development is carried out in the form of regulating, empowering, and supervising. The regulating function is carried out by issuing laws and regulations and technical standards. Meanwhile, the empowering function is performed on construction services business and on the society in order to develop its conscience of rights, obligations, and its roles in the performance of construction services. Furthermore, the supervising function is performed on the performance of construction work in order to ensure the realization of orderly construction services in accordance with the prevailing laws and regulations. The performance of the development may be carried out together with the construction services society. Such development has been further stipulated in Government Regulation Number 30 of 2000 on Performance of Construction Services Development.

Class Action
There is a possibility that the society suffers losses due to the performance of construction work. Therefore, the society has a right to file a class action. A right to file a class action means a right of a small group of the society to act on behalf the society in large numbers that has suffered losses, based on the same issues, legal factors, and conditions due to the losses or disruption as the result of the construction work performance.

Sanction
The administrative sanctions may be imposed for the violation of Construction Services Law, in the form of (i) written warning; (ii) temporary termination of construction work; (iii) restriction of business activities and/or profession; (iv) temporary prohibition on the use of the construction work result (limited to the services user); (v) suspension of business and/or profession license; (vi) revocation of business and/or profession license. In addition to the administrative sanctions, the performer of the construction work may be subject to a sentence of a maximum 5 (five) years imprisonment or subject to a fine sanction in a maximum of 10% (ten percent) of the contract value.

Helen Taurusia, SH

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For the last 15 years, our members have written many articles that have been published in various blogs that we manage, including Indonesia Real Estate Law blog and Hukum Properti blog. Our members have also participated in various directories and websites within and outside our firm's blogs, including different legal topics outside real estate-related topics. Thus, this blog is set up as a portal of all of our articles and materials that our members have written to date, within and without our firm's blogs. This blog covers a wide-array of topics, different from specialized topics as in our previous two blogs, Indonesia Real Estate Law and Hukum Properti. We build this blog to be a main source for the readers to understand the vast legal knowledge of our firm and which our firm will continue to share.

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